Carburetor



2 Sheets-Sheet CARBURETOR J. BARELS Filed Dec.

Jan. l2, 1932.

Jm Birds Jn. ma, fm.

Patented Jan. 12, 1932 TED STATES PATENT GFFICE JAMES BAB/ELS, 0F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN CARBURETOR Application led December 1, 1926. Serial No. 151,918.

The carburetor` to which this invention diator 2 therefor, and a vapor outlet pipe or particularly relates comprises in general a duct 3 extending from the atomizing chamaporizing chamber, a heatingl chamber ber to a mixing valve 4 controlling the protherefor whereby the liquid fuel is converted portion of air to fuel vapor admitted to a a il'lto substantially vapor form bei'ore passing mixing chamber 5, all of which are contained i., through the mixing valveinto a mixing chamwithin a housing composed of an upper 0r ber, there to be mixed with air in the proper' cover section 6 and a 4lower or base section 7. proportions, 'lhe cover 6 may be fastened to the base 7 by Another object is to provide a carlmretml any suitable means 6.

11i which is inherently self-cleaning, thereby The atomizing chamber 1 consists of the so preventing the accumulation ot' sediment or annular space between a radiator plate 8 asother deleterious matter' on the surface of sociated with the heating chamber :2 and the the radiator adjacent the vaporizing chambottom of a cone shaped cap 9. bei'. The liquid fuel is admitted to the atomizlVith the above and other objects in view ing chamber under control of a float operu.'

which will appear as the description proated valve 1-0 located in a float chamber 11, ceeds, my invention resides in the novel conand the fuel passes yfrom the float chamber rftriiction` combination and arrangement ot 11 to the atomizing chamber 1 through a duct parts substantially :is hereinafter described or passageway 12.

"' and more particularly defined by the ap- The heating chamber 2 is arranged to be TJ pended claims, it being understood that such heated by the exhaust gases from the internal changes in the precise embodiment of the combustion engine with which the carburetor herein disclosed invention may be made as is associated. These exhaust gases may be come within the scope of the claims. admitted to the heating chamber through 135" ln the accompanying drawings, l have ilthe heating medium inlet pipe 13, extending T5 lustrated one complete example olt the physithrough the wall of the base 7 ot' .the carbucal embodiment ot my invention constructed retor housing and terminating in the bottom according tothe best mode l have so t'ar deof the cup shaped heating chamber Q. The

A vised i'or the practical application of the exhaust vapors may be discharged from the il pi Encples thereof, and in which: heating chamber 2 through an outlet pipe or S0 Figure l is a central vertical section duct 14 extending from the bottom of the through the carburetor and a float operated heating chamber 2 around the fuel duct 12 fuel valve therefor; and through the lower wall of the base 7 of Figure 2 is a top plan, partly in section, the carburetor housing.

ot the carburetor; The heating chamber 2 is spaced from the 95 Figure 3 is a horizontal section on line base 7 of the carburetor housing and is sup- 3 of Figure l; ported by a central stem 15. The radiator Figure l a transverse vertical section on plate y8 having a central aperture is seated line 4-4 of Figure 1; at its periphery on a shoulder in the outer Figure 5 is an enlarged central vertical wall of the heating chamber 2 so that its 90 section through the raporizing chamber and upper surface is flush with the upper edge of self-cleaning apparatus therefor; the heating chamber wall which may be Figure 6 is a horizontal section on line peened over the edge of the plate to make a (5-6 ot Figure 5: gas tight joint. A central tube 16 extends r Figure is a top plan of the mixing valve, through the aperture of the radiator plate 8 and and is screwed in the central stem 15 and Figure 8 is a bottom plan of the mixing is seated against a shoulder therein. The valve and the cleaner. screwing home of the tube 16 onto its seat r The carburetor comprises an atomizing causes radiator plate 8 to be clamped between mn o chamber or area 1, a heating chamber or rathe hub 17 of the tube 16 and the upper end lill of a collar or sleeve 18 surrournling the tube 1G and seated on the upper end of the ventral stem r Thus a gas tight joint is formed between the. radiator plate S and the central tube 16.

The central supporting stem 15 is bored to receive an adjustatble fuel tube 1i) which extends up into the central tube 16. The lower end of this adjustable fuel tube 19 is provided with a plurality of radially extending apertures 21 whereby liquid fuel admitted from the ioat chamber 11 through the duct 1Q may find its way into and up through the adjustable fuel tube 19.

rl`he lower end of the adjustable tub:` 1f) is threaded, as at so that the upper end of the fuel tube 1) may be adjusted vertieally by turning a knurled h \ad on the lower end thereof. The tube 19 may be locked by means of a loci; nut

Liquid fuel is admitted to the atomizing` chamber 1 from the fuel tube 1f) through a plurality of radially evtending openings 2 in the hub 17 of the central supporting tube 1,6. The inner ends of these radially extending openings communicate with the interior ofthe tube 1G and the outer ends thereof terminate in an annular space 26 between the outer periphery of the hub 17 and an inner circumferential wall of the conical eap 9. This annular space QG is Vimmediately above the c nimber 1 so that the liquid fuel passing through they openings into the annular space 26 is admitted freely to the chamber 1 and passes outwardly therethrough and over the radiator plate 8.

The base ofthe conical cap 9 has a plurality ol' feet 27 whieh rest upon the radiator plate 8 and space the base of the cone shaped cap 9 therefrom. the thickness of the feet determining the depth of the chamber. The Ponical cap 9 is secured to the Central supporting tube 16 by serews 2f) carrying pins 13) rvhieh fit into a circumferential groove 30 in the hub 17.

The raie at which liquid fuel passes from the fuel tulle 1f) into the chamber 1 is rontrolled by a needle valve 21 positioned in the upper end of the fuel tube 19 and fastened to the mixing valve l so as to be supported thereby and to move therewith.

The normal opening between the needle valve 31 and the end of the fuel tube 19 is adjusted by varying the position of the tube 19 with respect to the needle valve by means of the adjusting pin 22. Normally the opening is f-tueh that when the engine is running at low speeds, fuel is admitted to the chamber at a rate sutlicient for the needs of i the engine.

The mixing valve l is cone shaped and is provided with a central sleeve 32 to rece1ve the upper end of the central supporting tube The mixing valve l is rotatable on the tube 16 and is loched to the cone shaped cap 9 by a key 9 or other suitable means so that the latter is rotatable therewith for purposes to be described more fully hereinafter.

The wall of the cone shaped mixing valve L1- is provided with a plurality of openings 33 shaped as shown in Figure 7. These openings enable the mixing valve -1 to be rotatable While the carburetor is in operation.

The upper end of the housing base 7 is circular and is provided with a flange 34 which insures the ready seating of the cover G on the base. 'he inner face of this flange 34 is tapered and is provided with a slight groove 3l therein, in which the ease of the mixing valve normally seats. The end of the ring extension 36 of the mixing valve 4 is spaeed a slight distance from the inclined periphery of the outer wall of the heating chamber 2 when the mixing valve is in its normal position.

The relation of the inclination of the inner fare of the flange 914 to that of the outer fat-e of the ring extension 3G and of the taper of the periphery of the heating chamber wall to the inner fare of the ring extension 36 is sufh that as the mixing valve is raised the inner and outer annular passageways gradually increase in size but at different rates.

These annular passages form air passages for air admitted to the earlniretor. The primary air is admitted through the inner passage. Air is adnxitted through the outer passage direct to the mixing chamber 5.

Thus the mixing valve l controls the primary air as well as the air admitted direetly to the mixing chamber.

Air is admitted to the carburetor through an air inlet 37 extending through the wall of the housing base 7 and surrounding the heating medium inlet pipe 13. The air oom-- municates with the space immediately below the heating chamber 2 and also with the space in'nnediately below and surrounding the ring extension 3G of the mixing valve 4.

he funnel shaped space between the Wall of the cone shaped eap 9 and the inner wall of the mixing valve 4- eonstitutes a passage for fuel from the, vaporizing chamber 1 to the mixing valve.

During the operation of the carburetor the mixing valve l is adapted to move vertically on the centrally supporting tube 1G and thereby causes the metering needle 31 t0 Vary the opening at the upper end of the fuel tube 19.

The upward movement of the mixing valve L1 islimited by several inwardly eX- tending brackets or fins 38 on the housing cover 6.

The usual butterlly throttle valve 39 is provided in the opening through the upper end of the oever 6 of the Carburetor housing. This throttle valve maybe operated by means of a lever 40 connected therewith, and the rately andffastened5to-the.carburetorehousing `Aber '1l to .the carburetor.

taperedf 'bushingif slightly largerfithan #the y apertureslcooperates withl the aperturednproi jection =and boss 51 to provide a fluide-ight joint between the `carburetor@housingr .and

range of movement of thisthrottle-valve may be determined 4by adjusting serews 41.

The carburetor may be fasteneddirect to 'the intake manifold of' an explosive engine or to a eonneetingpipe thereto by=means of an aperture flange 42 provided on the Cover 6 ofthe vaporizer housing.

It has-been found thatithe exhaust-vapors admitted to Ithe heating ohafmber2 condense constantly and that minute particles .of liquid are discharged thronghhthe outlet pipe In order to make useoffrthesecondensed vvapors for thepurposelof providing moisture in the air admitted to the carburetormeans 'are providedy fon collec-ting .these small .par-

:with an aperture 45 iIr-.theWa-ll-o-'the Outletpipe'l.; .AJpair-of. balileiplates Grand 47 are arranged. inthe-tube lltoye'olle-ot.;the eendensed vapors," the .lower l'lallleplate547v being so positioned adjaeentt the-aperture Llll-that these small particles :o fliquidl; or .condensed heating chamber 2zand the heatingzmedium inlet. and outlet pipes.; therefor.

.A'screen 48 is aflso'arranged within the tube -Bfandfservesas aibarrier fora-anyzlaming gases that maypassfthroughthe heating chamber 2V vfrom the" exhaust pipe of thewexl associated. Y 4

The i float :cham-her 11: may be unade 1 sepaso thatf when' -assembledxthey-,zform ai :unit

'Forthis purpose" -a pair ofxea-rsaor lugs: 49

are 'formed integrali with fan apertuiw-,d proeetionE 50 fof the 'float chamber i111, while 1 an wallfof the carburetor housing-base?. Thus the; float chamber vlll "may Ebesecurelj7 .dialetluned to 'the carburetor by means. off screws i52 extending through the lugs 49rai1df-into enpassageway 12 for-'fuel 'f-romftheioat L'eham- 4Vlioat flmaintains--the liquidfuel at a suhstautially eonstant level-in the-fuel'itube-I from whence itis drawn byasuetion intothe atomizing ehamber.- iBy reasonofithe atomiz- A1metalliodouble i areaythe fuel1spreadsein athin film over V-theHradiator plate where a considerable por- `tion of' the fuelis redueedtoza :vapor state: by

reas0n-of its intimate-.contactivith the heat;

applied/Sto the plate.

The' .atomized' fuel ...passes upwardly throug'hithe passage formed by .-theinner -Wall fof them1xing valveandtheconemember 9 and outwardly through: openings/33', which by treason io'lthein-shape impart a-rotar-ymovement to the )val-ve. As the'suction withyin-thej mixingehamheris increased,- the mixing' `vra-Live is-raisedf, permitting air to .pass

between the outer :Wall Ythereof: and Vtheicarfing chamber outlet-being of:oonsiderable I buretor casing as well throughbtheuelso passage-way. I The air andatomizedffuelfare y ltlwroughly4 eonfimingledinthe mixing; chamher andathen pass-outwardlyfto the! intake vrlmanifold Y ofv the engine earllmretor.l

' 'WhatlI cla1m= as mylinventiion-is:

1; lA .carburetor 'forianinternaleombus- A tion engine,A comprising a .cas1ng5 aheater .1n

equipped lwith, the ,3 8 5 the oasi-ng. and-having. a iradiator; plate',-l.a,;4V

substantially. cone-.shaped :member ;mounte'd over the radiatorA plate #Witlfixitsv haseispaced therefrom toidefinea .fuelehamher having a `vapors vmay be introdueedainto'the' air' inlet or spaee VWithin the base 7 of the vaporizer housingsurroundingthe centralstena 15,"the

peripheral outlet; mea/ns. :for :admitting .fuel

mining valve telesoopedl i foyers .vsaid. conefshaped v'member `with itsvinner-.zwallfispaced therefrom and itsrlower edge .extendedffhelow said outletsoas toprovideaffduet oom- L h mu'nieating; with AIVthe mixing vehamherwfor nl *fuel :emittedffromwsaiduel.chamber, said plosive enginewith.A which' the carburetor `1s valve 'beingpvertioaflly inovableiinwardly of *said easingfandvhaving#anaopeningin its. up-

f air Afrom -saidl supply (f pass-ing -upwardly :be-

tween'the Cone-shaped niemberwandi'the valve l to earryfatheA fuel therethrough andfpart yof Y jthewairi-passing direetlyfazinto r-the-f mixing.; apertl'xredI boss 51 1s vprovided-on theoute'r t chamher'betweenzone Wallfof-said valve and y2. In a Carburetoria thermal element f havingffa 'radiating surface', .an aifrduot,-=a fuel f supply .f i duetv throughy =-the thermal i element@ with its dischargeend adj a'eent llthe radiating l surfacev whe relay' f fuelv 1- conduoted athroughuthe iduet isi discharged lonto the fradiafting vsurairf through said duets. Y 3. In a carburetor, a liquid fuel'. nozzle :having Iradial deliveryoutletsformedxabetween two .'members, a chamber surrounding said .nozzle and .receiving therein. heated '..airii 130 A memberifor.oontrollingthedlow offfuehandii'm As is usual 'in carburetor -const'ruotions,..-a -Y l a-lieat conducting element forming lone of said members and one wall of said chamber, and said heat conducting element being adapted to heat the fuel as it passes outwardly of the nozzle and thereover.

4. In a carburetor, a heating chamber, a radiator plate heated from said chamber, a fuel tube passing through the plate and adapted to discharge fuel directly onto the plate, a cap mounted on the tube immediately above the plate to, with the plate, form a restricted fuel passage, and a valve surrounding the cap and having a part normally extending below the bottom thereof-to regulate the air supply and forming a mixing chamber.l

5. In a carburetor, a heating chamber, a radiator plate heated from saidchamber, a fuel tube passing through the plate and adapted to ,discharge fuel directlyonto the plate, a cap mounted on the tubel immediately above the plate to, with the plate, form a restricted fuel passage, and a vertically movable valve surrounding the cap yand having a part normally extending below the bottom thereof to regulatethe air supply andI forming. a mixing chamber.

6. In a carburetor, a heating chamber, a

i radiator plate heated from said chamber, a

fuel tube passing through the plate and adapted .to discharge fuel directly onto the plate, a cap mounted on the tube immediatelyiabove the plate to, with the plate, form a Y restricted fuell passage, a vertically movable ivalvesurrounding the cap and having a part normally extending below the bottom thereof to regulate'theair supply and forming a mixing chamber, and a metering pin movable with said valve for regulating the fuel supply.

7. Ina carburetor, a heating chamber, a radiator plate heatedfi'om said chamber, a fuel tube passing through-the yplate and adapted to discharge fuel directly onto the plate, a'cap mounted on the tube immediate- Y ly above the plate to form a restricted fuel passage, a movable valve surroundingithe cap and having a part normally extending below the bottom thereof to regulate the air supply :andforming a mixing chamber, said valve regulating the air supply according to the Aspeedof the engine, and a metering pin in Said tube and carried by the valve for regulatingy the fuel supply. Y

8. Iny a carburetor for use with anV internal combustion engine, a central heating chamber, a valve seat surrounding the chamber. and spaced from the adjacent walls thereof to form an annular passage, an air supply communicated with said annular passage, a hol- .low mixing valve, means mounting-the mixing valve for axial movement over the heating chamber, said hollow mixing valvebeing 'z engageable with the valve seat to divert all air passing through the annular passagel into the interior of the mixing valve, means for discharging heated fuel into the interior of the mixing valve to commingle with the air therein and form a combustible mixture which is drawn from the valve bythe suction of the en ne, the mixing valve being liftedy and around the mixing valve, and means whereby the position of the mixing valve governs the volumes of air passing into the' interior and around the exterior of the mixing valve.

9. In a carburetor, a movable hollow mem-A ber forming a mixing chamber, means for conducting fuel to the interior of the member, an air supply communicated with the interior of the member through a restricted;

passage the area of which depends upon the position ofthe movable member, said movable member having .an voutlet .opening through which the mixed air and fuel'passes,

and means whereby additional air is supplied to the mixture as it leaves the outlet opening around the outside of the movable member upon movement thereof.

10. In a carburetor, a casing, a valve seat in the casing, a hollow conical member normally resting on the valve seat to divide the interior of the casing into separated `chambers, means for communicating the interior of the hollow conical member with a fuel supply, an air supply communicating withT one of said separatedrchambers and the interior of the hollow conical member to be mixed with the fuel therein land form a combustible mixture, the conical member having an outlet opening through which the vcombustible mixture passes into the other of said separated chambers, means mounting the hollow conical member for; movement away from the valve seat to admit -air to said other separated chamber fto bemixed with the combustible mixture,l and means whereby the movement of the hollow Uconical 'member simultaneously meters the volume of air pass,- ing to itsinterior and passing around the exterior thereof. i

11. In a carburetor adapted for use with an internal combustion engine, a casing, a valve seatin the casing, afhollow conical member normally lengaged with the valve seat and dividing the ,interior ofthe casing into an upper and a lower chamber, means for communicating the interior of the hollow conicalmember with a fuel supply, an air supplyV communicated with the lower chamture is drawn into the upper chamber by the suction of the engine, means mounting the hollow conical member for axial and rotational movement whereby the suction of the engine raises the hollow conical member off of the valve seat, thc shape of the outlet openings therein being such that the passage of the combustible mixture therethrough imparts rotation to the hollow conical member, and raising of the hollow conical member increasing the area of the restricted passage through which air is drawn into the interior of the conical member' and also permitting air to be drawn into the upper chamber between it and the valve seat whereby the air through the hollow conical member and around it.

1Q. In a carburetor adapted for use with an internal combustion engine, a casing, a valve seat in the casing, a hollow conical member normally engaged with the` valve seat to divide the interior of the casing into an upper and a lower chamber, means for communicating the interior of the hollow conical member with a fuel supply, an air supply com` municated with the lower chamber and with the interior of the hollow conical member through a restricted passage, whereby air is mixed with the fuel therein to form a combustible mixture, the hollow conical member having outlet openings at its apex through which the combustible mixture is drawn into the upper chamber by the suction of the engine, means mounting the hollow conical member for axial and rotational movement whereby the suction of the engine raises the hollow conical member oft' of the valve seat, the shape of the outlet openings being such that. the passage of the combustible mixture therethrough imparts rotation to the hollow conical member and raising of the hollow conical member increasing the area of the restricted passage through which air is drawn into its interior and also permitting air to be drawn into the upper chamber between it and the valve seat whereby the air passes through the hollow conical member and around it. and means whereby the air pass:- ing into the upper chamber around the hollow conical. member partially offsets the tendency of the engine suction to lift said conical member whereby the same is maintained in a balanced position.

13. In a carburetor, a central member, a fuel supply extending through the central member and adapted to discharge fuel outwardly thereof, means for heating the fuel just prior to being discharged from the central member whereby the fuel issues from the central member as vapor, an air supply, an inverted cup shaped valve member surrounding the central member with its peripheral edge spaced therefrom to afford communication with the air supply and forming a mixing chamber into which the vaporized fuel is disehargedto be'mixedi with air fromitheiair supply, to form a combustiblemixturex which is discharged through outlet openings in the inverted cup shaped valvel member, means mounting the valvefmember for axial move--l ment toward and away fromthe central member, meansiwhereby movement of the valve member away from the central member increases the space between its peripheral edge and the central member to admit more air, means whereby said movement of the valve member admits more fuel to its interior, and means whereby said movement of the valve member communicates the exterior of the cup shaped member with the air supply whereby the air passes both through the valve member and around it.

14. A carburetor adapted for use with an internal combustion engine comprising a casing, a valve seat within the casing, a conical hollow valve member movable in the casing and normally engaging the valve seat, an air supply beneath the valve seat whereby the interior of the conical hollow valve is in communication with the air supply, a central member forming a heating chamber adjacent the valve seat and having its outer wall inclined inwardly and upwardly and spaced from the peripheral edge of the conical hollow valve member, a fuel supply extending through the central member and adapted to discharge fuel outwardly from the upper peripheral edge of the central member and into the conical valve member to be mixed with the air therein, the fuel being heated just prior to its discharge from the peripheral edge of the central member and the` mixed air and fuel passing through outlet openings in the apex of the Valve member, and means mounting the valve member for axial movement whereby the suction of the engine lifts the valve member from the valve seat moving its peripheral edge to increase the space between it and the adjacent inclined wall of the central member to admit more air to the interior of the valve member and admitting air around and over the valve member, the air passing over the outside surface of the valve member counter-acting the lifting force of the engine suction.

15. In a carburetor having an air chamber, a heating chamber adapted to receive exhaust part of which condense into moisture particles within the chamber, means for conducting the exhaust gases out of the heating chamber, and means for catching the particles of moisture as they pass through said conducting means and discharging them into the air chamber.

16. In a carburetor having an air chamber and a heating chamber adapted to receive exhaust gases part of which condense into moisture particles within the heating chamber, a discharge passage through which the exhaust gases are conducted out of the heating chamber, said discharge passage having an opening communicating With the air chamber, and baies mounted in said passage for catching the particles of moisture in the exhaust gases to conduct them through said aperture and into the air chamber.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aHiX my signature.

JAMES BARELS.

CERTIFICATE 0F CORRECTION.

Patent No. l,840,999. Granted January l2, 1932, to

JAMES BARELS.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 4, line 46, claim 7, after the word "to" insert the commas and words with the plate,; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 23rd day of February, A. D. 1932.

M. J. Moore,

(Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

